Can you run these cmds to see what will run and what they report - if any produce an error code then go into Event Viewer to see what has been recorded with a corresponding date and time stamp.
As it originally reported a corrupt file then I don't think trying the updates in a clean boot would resolve, but it's something worth trying, but run these cmds first as you could be looking at a clean install.
dism /online /cleanup-image /checkhealth
That will tell you if the volume is repairable - if it says it is, then run the next ones.
dism /online /cleanup-image /startcomponentcleanup
This one will clean up the WinSxS folder.
dism /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth
I assume this is the one that was failing at 82% ?