Yes, that was what I was wanting to see.
Open a Command Prompt (Admin) and enter -
dism /online /cleanup-image /checkhealth
and if that reports the volume repairable then enter -
dism /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth
This can appear to hang at 20% but will complete, then do another sfc /scannow to see if it still reports corruption, although with a corrupt iexplore.exe I'm surprised you can browse.
If /checkhealth reports irreparable then I suggest you do a repair install.
Did you upgrade this machine or did it come with Win 10 pre-installed ?
If you haven't created Win 10 bootable media then you can do so by downloading the Media Creation Tool (MCT) from
https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/software-download/windows10When you get the choice, select download the ISO and to install on another machine.
The program will give you the choice of creating a bootable USB or DVD.
To perform a repair install, boot up Windows, open Windows Explorer and insert the disk.
Double click on the drive when it comes up and it should start the install.